{"id":15490,"date":"2025-01-30T11:13:01","date_gmt":"2025-01-30T11:13:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/?p=15490"},"modified":"2025-01-30T14:10:50","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T14:10:50","slug":"minimum-of-three-erdogans-battle-to-boost-turkeys-birth-rate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/news\/2025\/01\/minimum-of-three-erdogans-battle-to-boost-turkeys-birth-rate\/","title":{"rendered":"Minimum of Three: Erdo\u011fan\u2019s Battle to Boost Turkey\u2019s Birth Rate"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull is-light curved-bottom\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#7d9499\"><\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1714\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-15493\" alt=\"Istanbul, Turkey\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-scaled.jpg\" style=\"object-position:48% 72%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"48% 72%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-1024x686.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-1536x1028.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-2048x1371.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\"><h1 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-post-title\">Minimum of Three: Erdo\u011fan\u2019s Battle to Boost Turkey\u2019s Birth Rate<\/h1><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2025-01-30T11:13:01+00:00\">30 January 2025<\/time><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"lead\">Turkey\u2019s birth rate is falling despite government efforts to reverse the trend. Part of our <a href=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/gilead-watch-protect-womens-rights-from-pronatal-politicians\/\">Gilead Watch campaign<\/a>, this blog explores Turkey\u2019s demographic changes and the impact of Erdo\u011fan\u2019s pronatalist policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Erdo\u011fan\u2019s Pronatalist Agenda<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>President Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan has long been urging Turkish families to have more children. <a href=\"https:\/\/bianet.org\/haber\/erdogan-kadinlar-dogurun-turk-milletinin-kokunu-kaziyacaklar-105451\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">In 2008<\/a>, he declared that families should have &#8220;at least three children&#8221; to sustain the country\u2019s demographics. Since then, he has repeatedly emphasised that large families are essential to Turkey\u2019s strength.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1714\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Istanbul, Turkey\" class=\"wp-image-15493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-1024x686.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-1536x1028.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/engin-yapici-WA1u0scVLZU-unsplash-2048x1371.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Istanbul, Turkey<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.africanews.com\/2016\/06\/06\/after-african-tour-erdogan-says-a-woman-is-incomplete-without-children\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">In 2016<\/a>, he sparked controversy by stating that women who choose not to have children are &#8220;deficient&#8221; and &#8220;incomplete.&#8221; He has also linked Turkey&#8217;s declining birth rates to moral and societal decay, frequently criticising feminism for undermining traditional family values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Erdo\u011fan\u2019s government has backed these words with policies. This year, Turkey will observe the <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/turkey-erdogan-family-lgbtq-speech-5c6b56c490190c405ce3cc7d2e26071d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&#8220;Year of the Family,&#8221;<\/a> a campaign offering financial incentives to encourage childbirth while reinforcing conservative gender roles. His administration has also rolled back reproductive rights, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epfweb.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-02\/CCInfoEU_A3_EN_2024_FEB12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">restricted access to contraception<\/a> and portrayed LGBTQ+ communities as threats to traditional family structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Turkey\u2019s birth rate<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Despite Erdo\u011fan\u2019s push for higher birth rates, Turkey is experiencing a demographic shift. The country\u2019s birth rate has steadily declined, reaching a low of 958,000 births in 2023. The total fertility rate (the average number of children a woman is expected to have in her lifetime) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/en\/publikacje\/osw-commentary\/2024-08-07\/turkey-a-looming-demographic-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">now stands at 1.51<\/a> &#8211; well below the replacement level of 2.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Economic instability is a significant factor. Inflation has eroded wages and housing costs have soared, making child-rearing increasingly unaffordable. Many young people, particularly women, are prioritising careers and education over early motherhood. Urbanisation also plays a role, with families in cities tending to have fewer children than those in rural areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1773\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/michael-jerrard-JnLp1kus3Ks-unsplash-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Turkey Flag\" class=\"wp-image-15474\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/michael-jerrard-JnLp1kus3Ks-unsplash-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/michael-jerrard-JnLp1kus3Ks-unsplash-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/michael-jerrard-JnLp1kus3Ks-unsplash-1024x709.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/michael-jerrard-JnLp1kus3Ks-unsplash-768x532.jpg 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/michael-jerrard-JnLp1kus3Ks-unsplash-1536x1064.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/michael-jerrard-JnLp1kus3Ks-unsplash-2048x1419.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Meanwhile, restrictive policies on contraception have not reversed this trend. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epfweb.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-02\/CCInfoEU_A3_EN_2024_FEB12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Turkey ranks poorly in contraceptive access<\/a> compared to other European nations. Reduced reproductive autonomy has not resulted in higher birth rates but has instead limited women\u2019s control over their family planning decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rethinking the Population Debate<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Turkey\u2019s demographic changes, framed as a crisis by Erdo\u011fan, are in keeping with global patterns seen in high- and middle-income countries. Rather than viewing lower birth rates as a threat, they should be seen as an opportunity to reshape policies for a changing society in a changing world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A declining birth rate does present challenges, including an <a href=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/news\/2021\/10\/pm-report-exposes-the-ageing-myth\/\">ageing population<\/a> and potential labour shortages. However, these issues can be managed through policies that support older workers, encourage workforce participation and invest in education and automation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Moreover, supporting reproductive rights and gender equality empowers individuals to make informed choices about family size. Encouraging voluntary, well-supported family planning leads to healthier, more stable societies, rather than enforcing childbirth through restrictive policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While Erdo\u011fan calls for higher birth rates, the country\u2019s population dynamics are shifting due to economic realities, social progress and changing personal priorities. Recognising and adapting to these changes, rather than resisting them, will be key to shaping Turkey\u2019s future, sustainably and justly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-popmat-share\"><a class=\"fb-share\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulationmatters.org%2Fnews%2F2025%2F01%2Fminimum-of-three-erdogans-battle-to-boost-turkeys-birth-rate%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><div><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg> Share<\/div><\/a><a class=\"tw-share\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulationmatters.org%2Fnews%2F2025%2F01%2Fminimum-of-three-erdogans-battle-to-boost-turkeys-birth-rate%2F&amp;text=Minimum%20of%20Three%3A%20Erdo%C4%9Fan%E2%80%99s%20Battle%20to%20Boost%20Turkey%E2%80%99s%20Birth%20Rate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><div><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><path d=\"M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z\"><\/path><\/svg> Tweet<\/div><\/a><a class=\"li-share\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulationmatters.org%2Fnews%2F2025%2F01%2Fminimum-of-three-erdogans-battle-to-boost-turkeys-birth-rate%2F&amp;text=Minimum%20of%20Three%3A%20Erdo%C4%9Fan%E2%80%99s%20Battle%20to%20Boost%20Turkey%E2%80%99s%20Birth%20Rate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><div><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\"><path d=\"M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z\"><\/path><\/svg> Post<\/div><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-light-blue-background-color has-background is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related content<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-popmat-grid grid grid-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-popmat-post-teaser\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/news\/2025\/01\/what-is-the-global-gag-rule\/\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3>What is the Global Gag Rule?<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"571\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/gayatri-malhotra-trKfWbqc5Rg-unsplash_crop-768x571.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-4565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/gayatri-malhotra-trKfWbqc5Rg-unsplash_crop-768x571.jpg 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/gayatri-malhotra-trKfWbqc5Rg-unsplash_crop-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/gayatri-malhotra-trKfWbqc5Rg-unsplash_crop-1024x762.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/gayatri-malhotra-trKfWbqc5Rg-unsplash_crop-1536x1142.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/gayatri-malhotra-trKfWbqc5Rg-unsplash_crop-2048x1523.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/img>\n\t\t\t\t<p>The Global Gag Rule restricts foreign organisations from supporting abortion services if they receive US funding. Last week it was reinstated by the new Republican administration, impacting human rights, particularly&#8230;<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-popmat-post-teaser\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/gilead-watch-protect-womens-rights-from-pronatal-politicians\/\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3>Gilead Watch: Protect women&#8217;s rights from pronatal politicians<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gilead-Watch-logo_no-text.png\" class=\"wp-image-525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gilead-Watch-logo_no-text.png 768w, https:\/\/populationmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Gilead-Watch-logo_no-text-300x169.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/img>\n\t\t\t\t<p>Politicians and others across the world want to limit people&#8217;s rights in order to boost the birth rate. Our campaign shines a light on the threat.<\/p>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Turkey\u2019s birth rate is falling despite government efforts to reverse the trend. Part of our Gilead Watch campaign, this blog explores Turkey\u2019s demographic changes and the impact of Erdo\u011fan\u2019s pronatalist&#8230;","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":15493,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[45,22],"class_list":["post-15490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-womens-rights","tag-world_population"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Minimum of Three: Erdo\u011fan\u2019s Battle to Boost Turkey\u2019s Birth Rate - Population Matters<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Turkey\u2019s birth rate is falling despite Erdo\u011fan\u2019s push for larger families. 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